Overview.

The Chettikulangara Devi Temple: A Tapestry of Legends, Traditions, and Devotion

The Chettikulangara Devi Temple, nestled in the picturesque Alappuzha district of Kerala, India, is a sacred abode that resonates with the deep-rooted beliefs and traditions of the region. Enveloped in legends and stories passed down through generations, this temple holds a special place in the hearts of devotees who flock to seek the blessings of Goddess Jagadambika, also known as the Goddess of Oodanadu.

According to followers of the theory of Kerala's genesis by Parasurama, the temple is believed to be part of the 108 Durga temples and 108 Siva temples established by the legendary figure. Parasurama is said to have also founded numerous Sastha temples, Kalaris (places to learn traditional martial arts in front of the deity), and Sakthi Kendras, leaving a lasting imprint on the spiritual and cultural landscape of Kerala. Within this vast tapestry of religious institutions, the Chettikulangara Devi Temple holds a special position as one of the five Ambalayams (temples dedicated to the divine mother).

The exact historical origins of the temple are a subject of debate and speculation. While concrete historical evidence and authentic study materials may be scarce, devotees firmly believe that the temple's roots extend back over 1200 years. According to one version, the temple was consecrated by Padmapadacharyar, a prominent disciple of Adi Shankara, on the Uthrittathi day of Makara month in A.D. 823. However, local historians present contrasting viewpoints, suggesting that the temple's antiquity may not match that of nearby temples like the Kandiyoor Mahadeva Temple or the Mavelikara Krishna Swamy Temple, as it is not mentioned in the 14th-century literary work, Unnuneeli Sandesam.

The temple's significance, however, is not solely based on historical claims but rather on the deep-rooted faith and devotion of its devotees. It is believed that the temple's initial establishment was as a family deity, eventually evolving into a revered village and regional deity. Legends speak of the visits by notable historical figures to the temple, adding to its historical significance. Samudra Bandhan, a renowned courtier of Ravi Varman, an ancient King of Venad, is said to have visited the temple and composed poems dedicated to Bhagavathi, further substantiating the temple's antiquity. Similarly, King Aadithya Kulasekharan of Venad (1374 A.D. to 1389 A.D.) is also said to have paid homage to the Chettikulangara temple, strengthening the temple's historical connection.

The temple's present location is said to have been a significant sacred forest known as a 'Kavu' in the traditional Central Travancore region. It is believed that the Mahashilayuga Vigraha of Bhagavathi was relocated from its original 'Moolasthanam' (primary consecrated spot) to the temple's current premises, although some argue that the place was originally a marshy land. The temporary consecration of the relocated deity was performed by Chengannur Thazhaman Thanthri and Kattuvallil Valakkod Illam Namboodiri, as directed by Padmapadacharya. Later, Padmapadacharyar himself arrived at the temple, leading a 21-day ritual process performed by 31 Brahmanas to conduct the Prathishta Karma (consecration ceremony).

The consecration of the deity, Jagadambika, followed a specific ritualistic pattern. The divine power, referred to as "chaithanyam," of Jagadambika was believed to have been absorbed into a Sri Chakra with Saptha Dalas (seven spokes representing the seven mother goddesses, or Saptha Mathrukkal). The Prathishta (consecration) in the temple is said to be in the Rurujith style, embodying the qualities of Thamoguna, Sathva, and Rajo Gunas. To balance the intensity of the mounting fierce powers of the Prathishta, an imaginary Mahavishnu prathishta is believed to be present near the main deity. On the Bharani day of every month, the Kshethram Thanthri (chief priest) performs Poojas (ritualistic offerings) to pacify and reduce the mounting powers of the prathishita.

The inner sanctum of the temple holds sacred artifacts with their own stories. A Salagrama, a sacred stone associated with Lord Vishnu, donated by the Kayamkulam Maharaja, is installed within the Garbhagriham (sanctum sanctorum) of the Sreekovil (main shrine). The Ganapathi Vigraha (idol), situated adjacent to the Sreekoil, is believed to have been donated by the Aazhvancheri Thamprakkal during the temple's consecration.

The daily rituals and worship practices at the Chettikulangara Devi Temple follow a set pattern. In the morning, the Poojas include offerings of Thrimadhuram, Cherupayasam, and Malar (Corn rice) with prayers dedicated to Bhagavathi as Maha Saraswathi. During Uchapooja (noon ritual), Koottupayasam and Palpayasam are offered, along with prayers for Bhagavathi in her form as Maha Lakshmi. The evening Atthazha Pooja involves the offering of Neyyappam and Neypayasam, accompanied by prayers for the deity as Sri Durga or Bhadrakali.

One of the most significant events at the Chettikulangara Devi Temple is the annual festival known as the Kalamezhuthu and Pattu, which spans 41 days and is sponsored by various Karas (groups or communities). Commencing on the first day of the Vrichikam month in the Malayalam calendar, this festival is a vibrant extravaganza of art, devotion, and cultural traditions. Intricate Kalamezhuthu (a traditional art form involving the creation of elaborate designs using colored powders) is performed daily, accompanied by soul-stirring Pattu (devotional songs). The pinnacle of the festival is the Puram Kurithi, a ritualistic performance involving a symbolic act of homicide outside the temple. It is believed that the Prasadam (consecrated offering) distributed during this festival possesses the power to provide immunity against contagious diseases like Small Pox, according to local beliefs.

The Chettikulangara Devi Temple is not only a site of religious significance but also a vibrant cultural hub. It serves as a melting pot of artistic expressions, promoting traditional music, dance, and performance arts. The temple premises often host cultural programs and performances by renowned artists, showcasing the richness of Kerala's cultural heritage and serving as a platform for artists to preserve and pass down these traditional art forms to future generations.

In conclusion, the Chettikulangara Devi Temple stands as a testament to the enduring faith, cultural heritage, and devotion of the people of Kerala. With its deep-rooted legends, rituals, and traditions, the temple captivates the hearts of its devotees and visitors alike. Its historical origins may be shrouded in mystery, but its significance as a place of spiritual solace and cultural celebration remains unwavering. A visit to the Chettikulangara Devi Temple offers not just a glimpse into the past, but an immersion into the vibrant tapestry of Kerala's religious and cultural fabric.

6:30AM – 12:00PM, 5:00PM – 8:30PM